The Amur River basin is one of the important territories in the formation of the most ancient Neolithic cultures of the Far East. This process occurred in the final Pleistocene – early Holocene. For this period the Late Palaeolithic Selemja culture, and also Initial Neolithic Gromatukha and Osipovka cultures have been defined. The first two cultures are located in the western part of the Amur River basin. The Osipovka Culture sites occupy East Priamur’e (eastern part of the Amur River basin).

This report analyzes the Initial Neolithic Complex of the Osipovka Culture. Among the topics, are spatial site distribution, the palaeogeographical situation of the final Pleistocene, and the stratigraphy and chronology of the Osipovka Complex.

New results have emerged following research in the sites in the central part of the Osipovka culture area (Khekhtsir geoarchaeological district): Goncharka-1, Novotroitskoye-3, Osinovaya Rechka-10, Osinovaya Rechka-16 etc., and are reported here.